Growth performances of broiler chickens fed on palm kernel meal based diet supplemented with spirulina and amino acids

Authors

  • Divine Doriane Yemdjie Mane Laboratory of Aquatic Resources, Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon
  • Ruben Ngouana Tadjong Laboratory of Aquatic Resources, Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon
  • Jean Raphaël Kana Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, University of Dschang, Cameroon
  • Vanessa Mafouo Sonhafouo Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, University of Dschang, Cameroon
  • Agwah Ebile Dayan Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, University of Dschang, Cameroon
  • Alexis Teguia Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, University of Dschang, Cameroon

Keywords:

Broiler chicken, Growth performance, Lysine-methionine, Spirulina, Soybean meal, Palm kernel meal

Abstract

This study was assigned to assess the effect palm kernel meal as protein source in broiler chickens diet. The experimental rations consisted of replacing soybean meal by palm kernel meal at the rates of 50, 75 and 100 percent supplemented with lysine-methionine and spirulina and a control ration without palm kernel meal. The main results revealed that, all the growth parameters decreased with increasing rate of substitution of soybean meal with palm kernel meal. Compared to the control ration containing soybean meal as main protein source, feed conversion ratio increased by 25.97; 39.39 and 71.43 % with lysine-methionine mixture and by 40.34; 53.22 and 62.66% with spirulina in rations containing 50, 75 and 100 % palm kernel meal respectively. Carcass yield globally decreased, with the exception of carcass yields with 75% palm kernel meal supplemented with lysine-methionine that increased by 3.48 % compared to the control ration. The relative weight of the legs, head and digestive organs increased with increasing rate of palm kernel meal in feed regardless of the supplement. The lowest cost of production was recorded with spirulina compared to lysine-methionine regardless of the level of incorporation of palm kernel meal in feed. In conclusion, using large quantities of palm kernel meal even enriched with amino acids or proteins rich resources is not profitable to broiler chickens.

References

Abd El Tawab, A.M., Khattab, M.S.A., 2018. Utilization of polyethylene glycol and tannase enzyme to reduce the negative effect of tannins on digestibility, milk production and animal performance. A. J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 13, 201-209.

Ahmed, M.A.T., Mostafa, S.A.K., 2018. Utilization of palm kernel cake as a ruminant feed for animal: A revew. A. J. Biol. Sci., 11, 157-164.

Alimon, A.R., 2004. The nutritive value of palm kernel cake for animal feed. Palm Oil Developments, 40, 12-14.

Belloir, P., Lessire, M., Berri, C., Lambert, W., Corrent, E., Tesseraud, S., 2015. Revisiting amino acid nutrition in broiler. 20th European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition, 24-27 August 2015, Prague, Czech Republic.

Boateng, M., Okai, D.B., Baah, J., Donkoh, A., 2008. Palm kernel cake extraction and utilization in pig and poultry diets in Ghana. Liv. Res. Rural Dev., 20.

Brown, L.D., Rozance, P.J., Thorn, S.R., Friedman, J.E., Hay, W.W. Jr., 2012. Acute supplementation of amino acids increases net protein accretion in IUGR fetal sheep. Am. J. Phys. End. Met., 303, E352-E364.

Evans, A.M., Smith, D.L., Moritz, J.S., 2015. Effects of algae incorporation into broiler starter diet formulations on nutrient digestibility and 3 to 21 days bird performance. Appl. Poult. Res., 24(7), 206-214.

Ezieshi, E.V., Olomu, J.M., 2004. Comparative performance of broilers chicken feed varying levels of palm kernel meal and maize offal. Pak. J. Nut., 3(4), 254-257.

Ezieshi, E.V., Olumu, J.M., 2007. Nutritional evaluation of palm kernel meal types: 1. proximate composition and metabolizable energy values. Afr. J. Biotech., 6, 2484-2486.

Fasina, Y.O., Classen, H.L., Garlich, J.D., Black, B.L., Ferket, P.R., Uni, Z., Olkowski, A.A., 2006. Response of Turkey poults to soybean lectin levels typically encountered in commercial diets. 2. effect on intestinal development and lymphoid organs. Poult. Sci., 85, 870-877.

Fereira, A.C., Ronaldo, L.O., Adriana, R.B., Gleidson, G.P.D.C., Raimundo, N.V.S., Paulo, A.O., 2012. Intake, digestibility and intake behaviour in cattle fed different levels of palm kernel cake. J. MVZ Cordoba, 17, 3105-3112.

Makkar, H.P.S., Tran, G., Heuze, V., Giger-Reverdin, S., Lessire, M., Lebas, F., 2016. Seaweeds for livestock diets: A review. Anim. Feed. Sci. Tech., 212, 1-17.

Marini, A.M., Daud, M.J., Noraini, S., Jame’ah, H., Azahan, E.A.E., 2005. Performance of locally isolated microorganism in degrading palm kernel cake (PKC) fiber and improving the nutritional value of fermented PKC. J. Trop. Agr. F. Sci., 33, 311-319.

Mateo, R.D., Wu, G., Bazer, F.W., Park, J.C., Shinzato, I., Kim, S.W., 2007. Dietary L-arginine supplementation enhances the reproductive performance of gilts. J. Nut., 137, 652-656.

Olorede, B.R., Longe, O.G., 2000. Effect of replacing palm kernel cake with sheabutter cake on egg quality characteristics, haematology and serum chemistry of laying hens. Niger. J. Anim. Prod., 27, 19-23.

Onifade, A.A., Babalunde, G.M., 1998. Comparison of the utilization of palm kernel meat, brewers dried grains and maize offal by broiler chicks. Br. Poult. Sci., 39, 245-250.

Onwudike, O.C., 1986. Palm kernel as a feed for poultry 3. replacement of groundnut cake by palm kernel meal in broiler diets. Anim. Feed. Sci. Tech., 34, 37-47.

Osei, S.A., Awo, J., 1986. Palm kernel cake as a broiler feed ingredient. Poult. Sci., 66, 1870-1873.

Shakila, S., Sudhakara Reddy, P., Ramana, J.V., Ravi, 2000. Development of poultry science. Col. Vet. Sci. Tirupat., 8, 502-517.

Soltan, M.A., 2008. Effect of dietary organic acid supplementation on egg production, egg quality and some blood serum parameters in laying hens. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 7(6), 613-621.

Sundu, B., Kumar, A., Dingle, J., 2005. Response of birds feed increasing levels of palm kernel meal supplemented with enzymes. Proceedings of the 17th Australian Poultry Science Symposium, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 7-9 February 2005. 227-228.

Sundu, B., Kumar, A., Dingle, J., 2008. Amino acid digestibilities of palm kernel meal in poultry. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 8(1), 16-20.

Tipu, M.A., Ahmad, F., Khalique, A., Haque, M.N., Mirza, R.H., Tayyab, U., 2014. Replacement of cotton seed cake with palm kernel cake in growing nili-ravi buffalo male calves. J. Anim. Plant Sci., 24, 24-27.

Virah-Sawmy, M., 2014. From by-product to buy product: Building markets for sustainable palm kernel expeller (PKE). WWF and NSW, Australia.

Wu, G., Fuller, W.B., Zhaolai, D., Defa, L., Junjun, W., Zhenlong, W., 2014. Amino acid nutrition in animals: Protein synthesis and beyond. Ann. Rev. Anim. Biosci., 2(1), 387-417.

Zahir, U.R., AnwarulHaque, B., Maksuda, B., Mahfui, U.P., 2019. Effect of dietary supplement of algae (Spirulina platensis) as an alternative to antibiotics on growth performance and health status of broiler chickens. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 18, 576-584.

Published

2020-03-20

How to Cite

Yemdjie Mane, D. D. ., Tadjong, R. N. ., Kana, J. R. ., Sonhafouo, V. M. ., Dayan, A. E. ., & Teguia, A. . (2020). Growth performances of broiler chickens fed on palm kernel meal based diet supplemented with spirulina and amino acids. Scientific Journal of Animal Science, 9(3), 578-586. Retrieved from http://sjournals.com/index.php/sjas/article/view/15

Issue

Section

Original Article

Most read articles by the same author(s)