Influence of baobab fruit in the diet on intake, milk yield and milk composition in Red Sokoto goats

Authors

  • D.O. Okunlola Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
  • O.A. Olorunnisomo Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

Keywords:

Baobab pulp and seed meal, Red Sokoto goat, Milk yield, Milk composition

Abstract

Baobab fruit (Adansonia digitata) is a nutritious but grossly underutilized food resource with great potentials for improving the productivity of milking goats in Nigeria. Twenty four Red Sokoto goats fed diets containing 0, 10, 20 and 30% baobab pulp and seed meal (BPSM) were used to evaluate the influence of baobab fruit on yield and composition of goat milk. The experimental design adopted was the completely randomized design. Animals were exercised daily inside a fenced paddock where they had access to forage. Dry matter (DM) intake, milk yield, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and milk composition in the goats were measured over a period of 84 days. There were significant (P<0.05) differences in intake, milk yield and FCR of the goats. DM intake increased from 21.5 to 27.5 % of live weight (LW) and milk yield from 333.8 to 441.9 g/day with inclusion of BPSM in the diet. FCR was 1.40, 1.30, 1.28 and 1.29 for 0, 10, 20 and 30% BPSM diets respectively. Milk composition was also significantly (P<0.05) influenced by level of baobab meal in the diet. Total solids in milk increased from 12.23 to 14.10 %; protein from 3.50 to 4.08 %; and fat from 3.38 to 4.45 % with BPSM in the diet. Addition of BPSM to the diet enhanced feed intake and milk production in Red Sokoto goats raised in the derived savanna of Nigeria.

References

Ahamefule, F.O., Ibeawuchi, J.A., Ejiofor, C.A., 2003. A comparative study of the constituents of cattle, sheep and goat milk in a hot humid environment. Disc. Innov., 15, 64-68.

Ahamefule, F.O., Odilinye, O., Nwachukwu, E.N., 2012. Milk yield and composition of Red Sokoto and Wea dwarf does raised intensively in a hot humid environment. Iran. J. Appl. Anim. Sci., 2(2), 143-149.

Akinsoyinu, A.O., Tewe, O.O., Ngere, L.O., Mba, A.U., 1981. Milk composition and yield of Red Sokoto (Maradi) goats. Trop. Anim. Prod., 6(2), 186-187. http://www.fao.org/livestock/agap/frg/tap62/62_186.pdf

Akpa, G.N., Asiribo, E.O., Oni, O.O., Alawa, J.P., 2001. The influence of non-genetic factors on the shape of lactation curves in Red Sokoto goats. Anim. Sci., 72, 233-239.

Akpa, G.N., Osuhor, C.U., Olugbemi, T.S., Nwani, P.I., 2003. Milk flow rate and milking frequency in Red Sokoto goats. Pak. J. Nutr., 2(3), 192-195.

Alawa, J.P., Oji, U.I., 2008. Effect of pendulous udder enlargement on yield of Red Sokoto goats. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 7, 870-872. http://docsdrive.com/pdfs/medwelljournals/javaa/2008/870-872.pdf

AOAC., 2005. Official Methods of Analysis, 18th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC.

Kaboré, D., Sawadogo-Lingani, H., Diawara, B., Compaoré, C.S., Dicko, M.H., Jakobsen, M., 2011. A review of baobab (Adansonia digitata) products: Effect of processing techniques, medicinal properties and uses. Afr. J. Food. Sci., 5(16), 833-844.

Marete, A.G., Mosi, R.O., Amimo, J.O., Jung’a, J.O., 2014. Characteristics of lactation curves of the Kenya Alpine dairy goats in smallholder farms. Open. J. Anim. Sci., 4, 92-102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2014.42013

Nnam, N.M., Obiakor, P.N., 2003. Effect of fermentation on the nutrient and antinutrient composition of baobab (Adansonia digitata) seeds and rice (Oryza sativa) grains. Ecol. Food. Nutr., 42, 265-277.

Nour, A.A., Nagboul, B.I., Kheiri, N.H., 1980. Chemical composition of baobab fruit (Adansonia digitata L.). Trop. Sci., 22, 383-388.

Olorunnisomo, O.A., 2013. Milk production in Sokoto Gudali cows fed legume or elephant grass ensiled with cassava peel. Livest. Res. Rural. Dev., 25, Article #105. Retrieved, from

http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd25/6/olor25105.htm

Olorunnisomo, O.A., Akinpelu, W.A., Oni, A.A., 2014. Performance of zebu heifers under heat mitigation measures in a humid-tropical environment. Agr. Trop. Subtrop., 47(4), 119 – 123.

SAS Institute, 1995. SAS/STAT User’s Guide. Version 6, 4th Edition. Volume 1 and 2. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.

Souza, R., Alcalde, C.R., Oliveira, C.A.L., Labio Molina, B.S., Maceo, F.A.F., Gomes, L.C., Hygino, B., Possama, A.P.S., 2014. Lactation curves and economic results of Saanen goats fed increasing dietary energy levels obtained by the addition of calcium salts of fatty acids. Rev. Brasil. Zoot., 43(2), 73-79.

Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B., Lewis, B., 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy. Sci., 74, 3583-3597.

Vertuani, S., Braccioli, E., Buzzoni, V., Manfredini, S., 2002. Antioxidant capacity of Adansonia digitata fruit pulp and leaves. Acta Phytotherapeutica, 2, 2-7.

Williams, J. H., Anderson, D.C., Kress , D.D., 1979. Milk production in Hereford cattle. 1. Effects of separation interval on weigh-suckle-weigh milk production estimates. J. Anim. Sci., 49, 1438-1442.

Wilson, R.T., 1991. Small ruminant production and the small ruminant genetic resource in tropical Africa. FAO Animal Production and Health Paper 88. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/t0376e/T0376E07.htm

Zahraddeen, D., Butswat, I.S.R., Mbap, S.T., 2007. Evaluation of some factors affecting milk composition of indigenous goats in Nigeria. Livest. Res. Rural. Dev., 19, Article #166. Retrieved from

http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd19/11/zahr19166.htm

Published

2016-01-19

How to Cite

D.O. Okunlola, & O.A. Olorunnisomo. (2016). Influence of baobab fruit in the diet on intake, milk yield and milk composition in Red Sokoto goats. Scientific Journal of Animal Science, 5(1), 192-198. Retrieved from http://sjournals.com/index.php/sjas/article/view/219

Issue

Section

Original Article