A preliminary study on ticks and equine Babesiosisin rural areas (North-east of Algeria), Algeria
Keywords:
Ticks, Horses, Babesia, Babesiosis, AlgeriaAbstract
During the year 2015-2016, a study was conducted to identify ticks that infect horses in rural areas in North-east of Algeria. Five parasitic species were observed, Rhipicephalus bursa predominates with 45%, Rhipicephalussanguineus: 10%, Rhipicephalusannulatus 15%, Hyalommamarginatum 13% and Hyalommaanatolicum: 17%. Moreover, the prevalence of babesiosis in local horse breeds was determined. A global prevalence of 70% was found for equine babesiosis in the two areas (Sedrata and Lake of birds). The horses were found positive (Giemsa coloration) for Theileriaequi and Babesiacaballi. No significant differences were encountered concerning sex and age of infected animals. Removal of ticks manually does not prevent for ticks infestation and the exposure of horses to piroplasmosis. So, apart from favorable climatic factors, the presence of horses with other animals (ruminants and dogs) appears to be a factor in the infestation of horses by ticks. There were no significant differences between the positivity to Babesia with the factors sex and age of the horses (p>0, 0.5). After this preliminary work, a wider study of ticks of the equine population in Algeria is essential for the establishment of a plan of prevention against these mites and the diseases that they transmit.
References
Barbosa, I.P., Bose, R., Peymann, B., Friedhoff, K.T., 1995. Epidemiological aspects of equine babesioses in a herd of horses in Brazil. Vet. Parasitol., 58, 1-8.
Bashiruddin, J.B., Camma, C., Rebelo, E., 1999. Molecular detection of Babesiaequi and Babesiacaballi in horse blood by PCR amplification of part of the 16S rRNA gene. Vet. Parasitol., 84, 75-83.
Benchikh-Elfegoun, M.C., Benakhla, A., Bentounsi, B., Bouattour, A., Piarroux, R., 2007. Identification et cinétique saisonnière des tiques parasites des bovins dans la région de Taher(Jijel) Algérie. Ann. Méd. Vét., 151, 209-214.
Boozer, A.L., Macintire, D.K., 2003. Canine babesiosis. Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract., 33, 885-904.
Bourdeau, P., 1993. Les tiques d’importance vétérinaire et médicale-2ème partie: principales espèces de tiques dures (Ixodidaeet Amblyommidae). Le Point Vétérinaire, 25.
Butler, C., Stout, M., Van der Kolk, T.J., Wollenberg, L., Nielen, M., Jongejan, F., Werners, A., Houwers, D., 2012. Prevalence of the causative agents of equine piroplasmosis in the South West of The Netherlands and the identification of two autochthonous clinical Theileriaequi infections. Vet. J., 193, 381-385.
Criado Fornelio A., Martinez Maros, A., BulingSarana, A., Barba Carretero, J.C., 2003. Molecular study of babesiatheleria and hepataozoon in southern Europe Part I. Epizootiological aspects. Vet. Parasitol., 113, 189- 201.
CriadoFornelio, A., Martinez, J., Buling, A., Barba, J.C., Merino, S., Jefferies, R., Irwin, P.J., 2006. New data on epizootiology and genetics of piroplasms based on sequences of small ribosomal subunit and cytochrome b genes. Vet. Parasitol., 142, 238-247.
Dantas-Torres, F., Latrofa, M.S., Annoscia, G., Giannelli, A., Parisi, A., Otranto, D., 2013. Morphological and genetic diversity of Rhipicephalussanguineussensulato from the New and Old Worlds. Parasites and Vectors, 6, 213.
Estrada-Peña, A., Bouattour, A., Camicas, J.L., Walker, A.R., 2004. Ticks of domestic animals in the Mediterranean region. Ticks of domestic animals in the Mediterranean region: A guide to identification of species. University of Zaragoza, ITG Library, Zaragoza, Spain, 31p.
Garcia-Bocanegra, I., Arenas-Montes, A., Hernandez, E., Adazek, U., Carbonero, A., Almeria, S., Jaen-Tellez, J.A., Guttierez Palomino, P., Arenas, A., 2013. Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Babesiacabalil and Ttheleriaequi infection in equids. Vet. J., 172-178.
Goddard, J. (Ed), 2000. Physician‘s guide to arthropod of medical importance Third edition CRS Press. New York, 422p.
Gummow, B., de Wet, C.S., de Waal, D.T., 1996. A sero-epidemiological survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of South Africa. J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc., 67, 204-208.
Hailat, N.Q., Lafi, S.Q., Al-Darraji, A.M., Al-Ani, F.K., 1997. Equine babesiosis associated with strenuous exercise: Clinical and pathological studies in Jordan. Vet. Parasitol., 69, 1-8.
Hendrix, C.M., Robinson, E.D., 2006. Diagnostic of parasitology for veterinary technicians. Third edition. Mosby Elsevier, 285p.
Hylliard, P.D. (Ed), 1996. Ticks of North West Europe. Fields studies council (FSC), London, 178.
Ibrahim, A.K., Gamil Abd-el Baby, I.S., Hussein, M.M., Tohamy, A.A., 2011. Comparative molecular and conventional defection methods of Babesiaequi (B. Equi) in Egyptian equine. Glob. Vet., 7(2), 201-210.
Le Maytayer, G.A., 2007. Seroprevalence des piroplasmoses equine en France entre 1997 et 2005. Thèse pour le Doctorat vétérinaire. Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort.
Levine, N.D., 1971. Taxonomy of the piroplasms. Trans. Am. Micros. Soc., 90(1), 2-33.
Magnarelli, L.A., Ijdo, J.W., Van Andel, A.E., Wu, C., Padula, S.J., Fikrig, E., 2000. Serologic confirmation of Ehrlichiaequi and Borreliaburgdorferi infections in horses from the northeastern United States. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 217, 1045-1050.
Mantran, A., Votion, D.M., Amory, H., 2004. Piroplasmose: unerealitebelge? In: 21eme Journee d’etude. Belgian Equine Practitioners Society, Liege Belgique.
Marre, A., 1987. Le Tell Oriental Algérien de Collo à la Frontière Tunisienne. Etude Géomorphologique, Vol 1, Office Des Publications Universitaires.
Matallah, F., Benakhla, A., Bouattour, A., 2013. Infestation du chien par Rhipicephalussanguineus dans deux régions de l’extrême nord-est de l’Algérie. Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux., 66(3), 97-101.
Meddour Bouderda, K., Meddour, A., 2006. Clés d’identification des Ixodina(Acarina) d’Algérie. Sci. Technol., 24, 32-42.
Perez-Eid, C., 2007. Les tiques: Identification, biologie, importance médicale et vétérinaire. 1ère ed. Paris: Lavoisier, 314p.
Purnell, R.E., 1981. Babesiosis in various hosts. In: Ristic, M., Kreier, J.P. (Eds.), Babesiosis. Academic press, New York, 25-63p.
Rothschild, C.M., 2013. Equine Piroplasmosis. J. Equine Vet. Sci., 33, 497-503.
Salim, B., Bakheit, M.A., Kamau, J., Sugimoto, C., 2007. Current status of equine piroplasmosis in the Sudan. Infect. Genet. Evol., 16, 191-199.
Solano-Gallego, L., Baneth, G., 2011. Babesiosis in dogs and cats-expanding parasitological and clinical spectra. Vet. Parasitol., 181, 48-60.
Soulsby, E.J.L. (Ed), 1982. Helminth arthropod s and protozoa of domestic ated animals 7th ed. Bailliére Tindal Philadelphia, 809p.
Ul-Hasan, M., Abubakar, M., Muhammad, G., Khan, M.N., Hussain, M., 2012. Prevalence of tick infestation (Rhipicephalussanguineus and Hyalommaanatolicumanatolicum) in dogs in Punjab, Pakistan. Vet. Ital., Jan-Mar, 48(1), 95-98.
Wall, R., Shearer, D., 2001. Veterinary Ectoparasites: Biology, Pathology and Control Second edition. Blackwell Sciences, Ltd, London, 262pp, 27-41p.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Faouzi Matallah, Sarrah Hadjaj, Saida Matallah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
