Effects of intramuscular injection of artemether® on the histology of the uterus and ovaries of pregnant wistar rats
Keywords:
Intramuscular, Artemether, Pregnant rats, Embryo lossAbstract
This experiment was aimed at studying some of the histological effects of Artemether® on the uterus and ovaries of pregnant Wister Rats. Twelve pregnant rats were divided equally into treated and control groups. The rats in treated group received Artemether® while those in control group received phosphate buffered saline. Administration was intramuscular. Macroscopically, no significant differences were observed in the organs extracted in the treated and control rats. Microscopically, there is thick uterine mucosa with edematous gland and stroma with developed follicle in the ovaries of treated rats as observed 72 hours after intramuscular administration of Artemether®. The results of this study showed that administration of Artemether® intramuscularly to pregnant Wistar rats caused embryo loss.
References
Akinlolu, A.A., Olatunde, O., Ejiwumi, A.B., 2006. The Neurotoxic Effects of Artemether on the Cytoarchitecture of
the Trapezoid Nuclei of Adult Male Wistar Rats (Rattus novergicus). Int. J. Morphol. 24(4),535-540. DOI:
4067/S0717-95022006000500003.
Al-Attar, A.M., 2010. Hematological, biochemical and histopathological studies on marsh frog, Rana ridibunda,
naturally infected with Waltonella duboisi. Int. J. Zool. Res. 6, 199-213. DOI: 10.3923/ijzr.2010.199.213.
Brewer, T.G., Grate, S.J., Peggins, J.O., Weina, P.J., Petras, J.M., Levine, B.S., Heiffer, M.H., Schuster, B.G., 1994.
Fatal neurotoxicity of arteether and artemether. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 51, 251–259. PMID: 7943542.
British National Formulary, 2008. Pharmaceutical Press; 56th revised edition. ISBN-13, 978-0853697787.
Clerk, R.L., 2009. Embryotoxicity of Artemisinin Antimalarial and Potential Consequencies for Use in Women in First
Trimester. Reprod. Toxicol. 28(3), 285-296. DOI:10.1016/j.reprotox.2009.05.002.
Curtis, C.F., 1994. Appropriate technology for vector control: impregnated bed nets, polystyrene beads and fly
traps. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 88(2), 144-146. DOI:
1016/0035-9203(94)90268-2.
Dayan, A.D., 1998. Neurotoxicity and artemisinin compounds do the observations in animals justify limitation of
clinical use? Med. Trop. (Mars). 58, 32S–37S. PMID: 10212895.
El-Dakdoky, M.H., 2009. Evaluation of the Developmental Toxicity of Artemether during Blastogenesis,
Organogenesis and Foetal Development. Food Chem. Toxicol. 47(7), 1437 – 1441. PMID; 19332101.
Genovese, R.F., Petras, J.M., Brewer, T.G., 1995. Arteether neurotoxicity in the absence of deficits in behavioral
performance in rats. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 89, 447–449. PMID: 7487233.
Gunjikar, N.V., 1977. Veterinary Composition for Inducing Esturs in Animals and Methods. US Patent 4061733.
Iranloye, B., Owokunle, B., 2008. Effect of Garcinia kola seed extract on female reproductive functions in rats. Int. J.
Pharmacol. 4, 276-281. DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2008.276.281.
Jeeva, J.D., Mathangi, G., 2011. Hepatoprotective Effects of Cassia auriculata L. Leaf Extract On Carbon
tetrachloride Intoxicated Liver Damage in Wister Albino Rats. Asian J. Biochem. 6(1), 104-112. DOI:
3923/ajb.2011.104.112.
Koc, N.D., Kayhan, F.E., Sesal, C., Muslu, M.N., 2009. Dose-dependent effects of endosulfan and malathion on adult
Wistar albino rat ovaries. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 12, 498-503. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.498.503.
Li, G.Q., Mog, S.R., Si, Y.Z., Kyle, D.E., Gettayacamin, M., Milhous, W.K., 2002. Neurotoxicity and efficacy of
arteether related to its exposure times and exposure levels in rodents. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 66(5),516-525.
PMID: 12201585.
Lillie, R.D., 1965. Histopathologic Technic and Practical Histochemistry,3rd edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New
York.
Longo, M., Sara, Z., Debora, M., Marco, B., Paolo, C., Jacqueline, L., 2006a. Effects of Antimalarial Drug
(Dihydroartemisinin) on Rat Embryo in Vitro. Reprod. Toxi. 21(1), 83 – 93, PMID: 16026965.
Longo, M., Zanoncelli, S., Torre, P.D., Riflettuto, M., Cocco, F., Pesenti, M., 2006b. In vivo and in vitro Investigation
of Antimalarial Drug (Dihydroartemisinin) on Rat Embryos. Reprod. Toxi. 22(4),797-810. PMID: 16959470.
Ludwig, A.N., Walsh, P.J., 2008. Multiple mating, sperm storage, and mating preference in Aplysia californic. Biolog.
Bull. 215, 265 -271. www.biolbull.org.
McGready, R., Cho, T., Cho, J.J., Simpson, J.A., Luxemburger, C., Dubowitz, L., 1998. Artemether Derivatives in the
Treatment of Falciparum Malaria in Pregnancy. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and
Hygiene. 92, 430 – 433. PMID; 9850401.
Newton, P., White, N., 1999. Malaria: new developments in treatment and prevention. Annu. Rev. Med., 50,179-
PMID: 10073271.
Osman, P., 1985. Rate and course of atresia during follicular development in the adult cycle rat. J. Reprod. Fert.
(1),261-70. PMID: 4038517.
Piola, P., Fogg, C., Bajunirwe, F., Biraro, S., Grandesso, F., Ruzagira, E., 2005. Supervised versus unsupervised intake
of six-dose artemether-lumefantrine for treatment of acute, uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria
in Mbarara, Uganda: a randomised trial. Lancet. 365(9469),1467-73. PMID: 15850630.
Plowchalk, D.R., Smith, B.J., Mattison, D.R., 1993. Assessment of Toxicity to the Ovary Using Follicle Quantiation
and Morphometrics. In: Methods in Toxicology: Female Reproductive Toxicology, Heindel, J.J. and R.E. Chapin
(Eds.). Academic Press, San Diego, pp, 57-58.
Raji, Y., Osonuga, I.O., Akinsomisoye, S.O., Osonuga, O.A., Mewoyeka, O.O., 2005. Gonadotoxicity Evaluation of
Oral Artemisinin Derivatives in Male Rats. J. Med. Sci., 5(4), 300-306. ISSN: 1682-4474.
Rang, H.P., Dale, M.M., Ritter, J.M., 1995. Pharmacology. 3rd Edn, Churchill Livingstone, pp, 763 and 771. ISBN: 0-
-05086-4.
Van Vugt, M., Looareesuwan, S., Wilairatana, P., McGready, R., Villegas, L., Gathmann, I., 2000. Artemetherlumefantrine for the treatment of multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg.
,545-548. PMID: 11132386.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2012 A. A. Tijani, D. A. Adekomi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
