Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella species isolated from patients attending selected hospitals in Zaria
Keywords:
Prevalence, Salmonella, Characterization, Antibiotic, SusceptibilityAbstract
Salmonellosis is a major public health problem in developing countries and is associated with high morbidities and mortalities. The study aimed at isolating, characterizing and determining the antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella species from stool samples of patients attending three hospitals in Zaria. A total of 219 stool samples were collected from suspected enteric fever patients. The samples were cultured and isolates characterized and antibiotic susceptibility pattern determined. Out of the 219 samples, 14 yielded positive for Salmonella accounting for a prevalence of 6.4%. With respect to gender and age, male and patients belonging to age group 0-9 were found to have the highest Salmonella infection with 64.3% and 43% respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility testing showed good susceptibility of Salmonella isolates to cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and chloramphenicol, however the isolates demonstrated poor susceptibility to tetracycline, amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole. In addition, 64.3% of the Salmonella isolates were multidrug resistant. Antibiotic susceptibility test should be conducted for Salmonella isolates periodically to monitor development of resistance.
References
Abdullahi, B., Olonitola, O.S., Jatau, E.D., Usman, A.D., 2012. Serological characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of clinical isolates of Salmonella from patients attending General Hospital, Funtua, Nigeria. Bayero. J. Pure. Appl. Sci., 5(1), 72-77.
Abdullahi, M., 2010. Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella species in children attending some Hospitals in Kano Metropolis, Kano State, Nigeria. Bayero. J. Pure. Appl. Sci., 3(1), 202 – 206.
Addis, Z., Nigatu, K., Zufan, S., Haile, A., Alehegne, Y., Tesfu, K., 2011. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from lactating cows and in contact humans in dairy farms of Addis Ababa: a cross sectional study. Bio. Med. Central. Infect. Dis., 11, 222.
Adeshina, G.O., Osuagwu, N.O., Okeke, C.E., Ehinmidu, J.O., Bolaji, R.O., 2009. Prevalence and susceptibility of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi in Zaria, Nigeria. Int. J. Health. Res., 2(4), 355-360.
Beyene, G., Nair, S., Asrat, D., Mengistu, Y., Engers, H., 2011. Multidrug Salmonella Concord is a major cause of salmonellosis in children in Ethiopia. J. Infect. Dev. Count., 5, 23-33.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2012. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests; Approved Standard- eleventh edition. CLSI document M02-A11.
Dworkin, M.S., Shoemaker, P.C., Goldoft, M.J., Kobayashi, J.M., 2001. Reactive arthritis and Reiter's syndrome following an outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella enteritidis. Clin. Infect. Dis., 33(7), 10–14.
Galanis, E., Wong, D.M., Patrick, M.E., 2006. Web-based surveillance and global Salmonella distribution, 2000-2002. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 12, 381-388.
Gordana, M., Bogdanka, A., Dragica, T., Milena, L., Brankica, D., 2012. Antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella spp.: A comparison of two surveys with a 5 years interval. J. IMAB – Ann. Proceed. (Scientific Papers), 18(1).
Ifeanyi, C.I.C., Bassey, E.B., Ikeneche, N.F., Isu, R.N., Akpa, A.C., 2013. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella species associated with childhood acute gastroenteritis in federal capital territory Abuja, Nigeria. Br. Microbiol. Res. J., 3(3), 431-439.
Kam, K.M., Luey, K.Y., Chiu, A.W., Law, C.P., Leung, S.F., 2007. Molecular characterization of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolates by pulsed field gel electrophoresis in Hong kong, 2000-2004. Foodborne Pathogens and Diseases, 4(1), 41-49.
Mengistu, G., Mulugeta, G., Lema, T., Aseffa, A., 2014. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella serovars and Shigella species. J. Microb. Biochem. Technol., S2, 006. doi: 10.4172/1948-5948.S2-006.
Mohamed, M.E.M., Suelam, I.I.A., 2010. Isolation of non typhoid Salmonella from humans and camels with reference to its survival in abbatoir effluents. Glob. Vet., 5(6), 356-361.
Nesa, M.K., Khan, M.S., Alam, M., 2011. Isolation, identification and characterization of Salmonella serovars from diarrhoeic stool samples of human. Bangladesh. J. Vet. Med., 9(1), 85 – 93.
Ohalete, C.N., Dozie, I.N.S., Obiajuru, I.O.C., Eke, I.H., 2011. Studies on the ecology of Salmonella bacilli in Owerri metropolis, Imo state, Nigeria. Glob. Res. J. Sci., 1, 109-116.
Okeke, I.N., Aboderin, O.A., Byarugaba, D.K., Ojo, K.K., Opintan, J.A., 2007. Growing problem of multidrug-resistant enteric pathogens in Africa. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 13, 1640-1646.
Parry, C.M., 2006. Epidemiological and clinical aspects of human typhoid fever. In: P. Matroeni, and D. Maskell, (Eds.), Salmonella infections: clinical, immunological and molecular aspects, New York: Cambridge University Press. 1-18.
Rotimi, V.O., Jamal, W., Pal, T., Sonnevend, A., Dimitrov, T.S., Albert, M.J., 2008. Emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp. and isolates with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin in Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 60, 71-77.
Sivakumar, T., Avinash, S.N., Prabhu, D., Shankar, T., Vijayabaskar, P., 2012. Characterization of multidrug resistant patterns of Salmonella sp. World. J. Med. Sci., 7(2), 64-67.
Su, L.H., Chiu, C.H., Chu, C., Ou, J.T., 2004. Antimicrobial resistance in non typhoid Salmonella serovars: A global challenge. Clin. Infect. Dis., 39(4), 546-551.
Sule, W.F., Adige, A.A., Abubakar, M.J., Ojezele, M.O., 2012. Antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates of Salmonella Typhi in Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria. Glob. Adv. Res. J. Microbiol., 1(4), 57-61.
Swartz, M.N., 2002. Human diseases caused by food-borne pathogens of animal origin. Clin. Infect. Dis., 34, 111-122.
Threlfall, E.J., 2002. Antimicrobial drug resistance in Salmonella: problems and perspectives in food and water-borne infections. Fed. Eur. Microbiol. Soc., Microbiol. Rev., 26, 30-32.
Wandili, S.A., Onyango, D.M., Waindi, E.N., 2013. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical Salmonella isolates from Nandi Central of Rift Valley, Kenya. Int. J. Innovat. Biotechnol. Biochem., 1(1), 1-10.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Z.G. Anchau, O.S. Olonitola, E.E. Ella
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
