The effects of dietary betaine on the growth performance and carcass synthesis of caspian roach (Rutilus rutiluscaspicus) fingerlings
Keywords:
Betaine, Caspian Roach, Carcass Synthesis, Growth PerformanceAbstract
This study was carried out to determine the effects of betaine on the growth performance and carcass synthesis of Caspian Roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) fingerlings. Fish with mean weight about 1.91±0.01g after adaptation were divided to 2 treatment groups (0.5 and 1% of diet) and control (0%). After 8 weeks feeding with betaine added diet, data was analyzed by excel 2010 and Spss 18.Added betaine had anincreasing effect on final weight, weight gain (BWI), and a decreasing effect on FCR, but not significantly. Food intake increased significantly as added betaine increased (p<0.05). Betaine is known as a flavor attractant and improves growth factors of Caspian Roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) fingerlings.
References
A.O.A.C. (Association of Official Analytical Chemists)., 2005. Official Methods of Analysis, 18th edition, M..D.,
Gaithersburg, USA.
Barak, A.J., Beckenhauer, H.C., Badakhsh, S., Tuma, D.J., 1997. The effect of betaine in reversing alcoholic
steatosis.Alcohol.Clin. Exp. Res., Vol.21. Pp 1100–1102.
Barak, A.J., Beckenhauer, H.C., Tuma, D.J., 1996. Betaine effects on hepatic methionine metabolism elicited by
short-term ethanol feeding.Vol. 13. Pp 483–486.
Cadogan, D.J., Campbell, R.G., Harrison, D., Edwards, A.C., 1993. The effects of betaine on the growth performance
and carcass characteristics of female pigs. In: Batterham, E.S., (Ed.), Manipulating Pig Production. Australasian
Pig Science Association, Attwood, Victoria, Australia, Pp 219.
Carter, A.L., Abney, T.O., Lapp, D.F., 1995. Biosynthesis and metabolism of carnitine. J. Child Neurol.Vol. 10. Pp S3–
S7.
Castro, H., J. Battaglia, and Virtanen, E., 1998. Effect of FinnStim on growth and sea water adaptation of coho
salmon. Aquaculture.Vol. 168.Pp423–429.
Chiang, P.K., Gordon, R.K., Tal, J., Zeng, G.C., Doctor, B.P., Pardhasaradhi, K., McCann, P.P., 1996. Sadenosylmethionine and methylation.FASEB J.Vol. 10. Pp 471–480.
Clarke, W. C., Virtanen, E., Blackburn,J.,Higgis, D. A., 1994. Effect of dietary betaine/amino acid additive on growth
and seawater adaptability in yearling chinook salmon. Aquaculture Vol. 121.Pp137–145.
Coman, G. J., Sarac, H. Z., Fielder, D., Thorne, M., 1996. Evaluation of crystalline amino acids, betaine and AMP as
food attractants of the giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology.Vol.
A. Pp247–253.
De Silva, S.S., Anderson, T.A., 1995. The effect of ration on growth ratio.Fish Nutrition in Aquaculture. Chapman,
London. UK.
Eklund, M., Bauer, E., Wamatu, J., Mosenthin, R., 2005.Potential nutritional and physiological functions of betaine
in livestock.Nutr.Res.,Rev.Vol. 18. Pp 31–48.
Fekrandish, H., Abediankenari, A. M., Matinfar, A., Dehqhani, A., 2005. Influence of betaine and methionine in the
diet for stimulating food intake of Indian white shrimp (Fenneropenaeusindicus). Pajouhesh and Sazandegi.
Vol. 73.Pp 136-147.
Genc, M.A., Tekeliogluu, N., Yilmaz, E., Hunt, A.O., Yanar, Y., 2006. Effect of dietary betaine on growth performance
and body composition of Orechromisaureusreared in fresh and sea water: a comparative study. Journal of
Animal and Veterinary Advances. Vol. 12.Pp 1185-1188.
Guangbing, W., Daivis, D. A., 2005. InterrelationshipAmong Methionine, Choline, and Betainein Channel Catfish
Ictaluruspunctatus. Journalof the worldAquaculture Society.Vol.36(3).Pp 337-345.
Harpaz, S., 1997.Enhancement of growth in juvenile freshwater prawns, Macrobrachiumrosenbergii, through the
use of a chemoattractant.Aquaculture.Vol. 156.Pp225–231.
Hevroy, E.M., Espe, M., Waagbo, R., Sandness, K., Rund, M., Hemre, G.I., 2005. Nutrition utilization in atlantic
salmon (Salmosalar L) fed increased level of fish protein hydrolysate during a period of fast growth.
Aquacul.Nutr.Vol. 11.Pp 301-313.
Kasper, C.S., White, M.R., Brown.P.B., 2002. Betaine can replace choline in diets for juvenile Nile Tilapia,
Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture.Vol. 205.Pp119–126.
Kasumyan, A.O., Doving, K. B., 2003. Taste preferences in fishes. Fish and Fisheries. Vol. 4.Pp 289-347.
Kettunen, H., Peuranen, S., Tiihonen, K., Saarinen, M., 2001. Intestinal uptake of betaine in vitro and distribution of
methyl groups from betaine, choline and methionine in the body of broiler chicks. Comparative Biochemistry
and Physiology.Vol. 128A.Pp269–278.
Kidd, M.T., Ferket, P.R., Garlich, J.D., 1997. Nutritional and osmoregulation functions of betaine.World Poult. Sci. J.
Vol. 53. Pp 125–139.
Knights, B., 1996. Studies of feeding stimulation in young eels, Anguilla anguillaL., before and after first-feeding
using a novel rapid-screening method. Aquaculture Research.Vol. 27.Pp 379–385.
Larid, L.M., Needham, M., 1988. Growth, Nutrition and Feeding, Salmon and Trout Farming. England, Ellis Horwood
Limited. London, UK.
Matthews, J.O., Southern, L.L., Higbie, A.D., Persica, M.A., Bidner, T.D., 2001. Effects of betaine on growth, carcass
characteristics, pork quality, and plasma metabolites of finishing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 79. Pp 722–728.
Matthews, J.O., Southern, L.L., Pontif, J.E., Higbie, A.D., Bidner, T.D., 1998. Interactive effects of betaine, crude
protein, and net energy in finishing pigs. J. Anim. Sci.Vol. 76. Pp2444 -2455.
Neuschwander-Tetri, B.A., 2001. Betaine: an old therapy for a new scourge. Am. J. Gastroenterol.Vol. 96. Pp 2534–
Overland, M., Rørvik, K.A., Skrede, A., 1999.Effect of trimethylamine oxide and betaine in swine diets on growth
performanance, carcass characteristic, nutrient digestibility, and sensory quality of pork. J. Anim. Sci.Vol. 77.
Pp 2143–2153.
Papatryphon, E., Soares. J. H., 2000. Identification of feeding stimulants for striped bass, Moronesaxatilis.
Aquaculutre.Vol. 185.Pp339–352.
Polat, A., Beklevik, G., 1998. The importance of betaine and some attractive substances as fish feed additives. Feed
Manufacturing in the Mediterranean Region Recent Advances in Research and Technology, Spain. Pp 217-
Sadeqhi, H., 2004. Effect of different levels of betaine instead of choline kolorid in the diet for Comparison of
growth performance, body composition and survival rate of (oncorhynchusmykiss).PhD thesis in Veterinary
Public. Tehran University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine.Pp 15-29.
Sales, J., 2011.A meta-analysis of the effects of dietary betaine supplementation on finishing performance and
carcass characteristics of pigs.Animal Feed Science and Technology.Vol. 165.Pp 68–78.
Scott, M. L., 1986. Nutrition of humans and selected animal species.John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York,
USA.
Siljander-Rasi, H., Peuranen, S., Tiihonen, K., Virtanen, E., Kettunen, H., Alaviuhkola, T., Simmins, P.H., 2003.Effect
of ofequi-molar dietary betaine and choline addition on performance, carcass quality and physiological
parameters of pigs. Anim. Sci.Vol.76. Pp 55–62.
Virtanen, E., Junnila,M., Soivio.A., 1989. Effects of food containing betaine/amino acid additive on the osmotic
adaptation of young Atlantic salmon, SalmosalarL. Aquacultur.Vol. 83.Pp109–122.
Zakipour Rahimabadi, E., Akbari. M., Arshadi. A., Effatpanah E., 2011. Effect of different levels of dietary Betaine on
growth performance, food efficiency and survival rate of pike perch (Sander lucioperca) fingerlings.Iranian
Journal of Fisheries Sciences. Vol. 4.Pp 902-910.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2013 Sajad Fatahi, Seyyed Abbas Hoseini, Mohammad Sudagar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.