Protection of rice from pests of rice seedlings in the Kyzylorda region of the republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract

Rice is an amazing grain, the oldest crop on Earth. Rice has been known as a valuable grain-producing plant for more than 10 thousand years. The genus name Oryza comes from a Chinese word meaning "good grain for food, breadwinner of the human race". Indeed, rice is one of the most valuable food crops. Rice groats consist mainly of carbohydrates, are low in protein, fat and ash, have excellent taste qualities, are highly digestible, and are nutritionally superior to other cereals. Rice protein contains an increased amount of essential acids such as lysine, valine, and methionine, so it is well absorbed by the human body. Currently, rice is cultivated in 114 countries on an area of more than 155 million hectares. The largest rice producers are India and China. Together, they produce 62% of Asian rice and 57% of the world's rice grain. The average yield in the world is 2.5 t/ha. High humidity attracts insects to rice fields that are adapted to survival and reproduction in special conditions. Most often, it is specific moisture-loving insects that harm rice crops. Such as rice weevils, mosquitoes, pyavits, aphids and others. Pests damage both the surface and underwater parts of plants.