Histomorphometric study of the prenatal development of the kidney of onehumped camel (camelus dromedarius) in north-westhern Nigeria
Keywords:
Histomorphometry, Camel, Kidney, Prenatal development, Northern NigeriaAbstract
This study aimed at investigating the prenatal development of the kidney of the camel using standard histomorphometric methods. In the experiment, fifteen foetuses obtained from Sokoto metropolitan abattoir at different gestational ages were used for the study. The fetuses were weighed and grouped and aged. In all the foetuses the kidneys were bean-shaped with smooth external surface and thick fibrous capsule which becomes thicker with advancement of gestational age. Well developed ureters and distinct renal pelvis were evident at all stages of development. In each gestational age, values of the weight, length, width and volume of the kidney were determined. In addition the periodic differentiation of the cortex and medulla; their significance in relation to the renal histodiffrentiation was discussed. Histological sections showed evidence of collecting duct system that are numerous and extensively coiled in the cortex and medulla of the third trimester kidneys. This is an indication of the ability of the kidney to concentrate urine, in accordance with the counter-current mechanism of the kidney collecting system. It was suggested that the kidney’s of the camel possesses the anatomical features for the production of hypertonic urine owing with the adaptive behavior of desert animals. Thick capsule that increases in thickness was also noticed in the kidneys.
References
Abdalla, M.A., 1973. Anatomical study of the urinary system of the camel (Camelus dromedarius). M. V. Sc. Thesis, University of Khartoum.
Abdalla, M.A., Abdalla, O., 1979. Morphometric observations on the kidney of the camel, Camelus dromedarius. J. Anat, 129: 45-50.
Abubakar, U.B., Mohammed, F.U., Shehu, S. A., Mustapha, R.A., 2010. Foetal Wastage in Camels Slaughtered (Camelus dromedarius) at Maiduguri Abattoir, Borno State Nigeria. Int. J. Trop. Med. 5(4), 86-88.
Almathen, F.S., Mwacharo, J., Hanotte, O., 2012. Genetic Diversity and Relationships of Indigenous Saudi Arabia Camel (Camelus dromedarius) Populations. In: The proceedings of the Proceedings of the 3rd Conference of the International Society of Camelid Research and Development, Pp 40.
Aly, K.H., 2007. Development of the mesonephros in camel (Camelus dromedarius). Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia, 36, 58-61.
Anderson, J.E., Ovalle, W.K., Bressler, B.H., 1987. Elctron microscope and audioradiograph characterization of hind limb muscle regeneration of MDX Mouse. Anat. Rec., 23(11), 243-257.
Bello, A., Onyeanusi, B.I., Sonfada, M.L., Adeyanju, J.B., Umar, A.A., Umaru, M.A., Shehu, S.A., Hena, S.A., 2012. Histomorphological studies of the prenatal development of oesophagus of one humped camel (camelus dromedarius): Sci. J. Agr., 1(4), 100-104.
Bello, A., Onyeanusi, B.I., Sonfada, M.L., Adeyanju, J.B., Umaru, M.A., 2012. A biometric study of the digestive tract of one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius) fetuses. Sci. J. Zool., 1(1), 11-16.
Bello, M.B., Garba, H.S., Sonfada, M.L., 2008. Foetal Wastage in camels slaughtered at Sokoto Munincipal abattoir. Sokoto J. Vet. Sci., 7(1), 46-49.
Buhari, B.K., 2008. Sokoto state investment promotion committee. Trade.
Dowelmadina, I.M.M., 2012. Anatomical Characteristics of kidney in one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Sudan. In: The proceedings of the 3rd Conference of the International Society of Camelid Research and Development, pp 340-342.
Dyce, K.M., Sack, W.O., Wesing, C.J.G., 1996. Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy 2nd edition, W.B. Saunders Company Philadelphia Pennsylvania, 19106 Pp175-179.
Elwishy, A.B., Hemeida, N.A., Umar, M.A., Mobarak, A.M., El-Sayed, M.A.I., 1981. Changes in the pregnant camel with special reference to Foetal growth. British Vet. J., 37, 527-537.
Eurell, J.A., Frappier, B.L., Dellmann, H., 2006. Textbook of Veterinary Histology. 6th Edition Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, pp 212-219.
Fayed, R.H., 2008. Adaptation of the Camel to Desert environment.
Franco, A., Masot, A.J., Gómez, L., Redondo, E., 2004a. Morphometric and immuno histochemical study of the rumen of red deer during prenatal development. J. Anatom., 204, 501–513.
Kataria, N., Kataria, A.K., Kumar, V.A., Garg, S.L., Singh, M.S., 2007. Solute loads and transfer function of kidney in dromedary camel during dehydration and rehydration in winter and summer. Vet. Arhiv., 77(3), 237-246.
König, H.E., Liebich, H.G., 2009. Veterinary Anatomy of Domestic Mammals Textbook and colour Atlas 4th revised edition schattauer stuttgart New York pp 393-400.
Kuure, S., Vuolteenaho, R., Vainio, S., 2000. Kidney morphogenesis: cellular and molecular regulation. Mech. Develop., 92, 31-45.
McGeady, T.A., Quinn, P.J., FitzPatrick, E.S., Ryan, M.T., 2006. Veterinary Embryology. Blackwell Publishing, UK, ISBN: 9781405111478, pp 233-240
Onarlioglu, B., Gursoy E., kaloglu, C., 1997. Renal Morphogenesis of rat fetus. Turk. J. Anim. Sci. 21, 493-496.
Ouajd, S., Kamel, B., 2009. Physiological Particularities of Dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) and Experimental Implications. Scand. J. Lab. Anim. Sci., 36(1).
Salehi, E., Morovati, M.S., 2012. Kidney Morphogenesis during Prenatal Development in Camelus dromedaries Embryoes. J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 1(6), 822-825.
Sarma, K., Ahmed, B., 2007. Morphogenesis of kidney in crossbred pig (Sus scrofa) foeti. Int. J. Morphol, 25(1), 129-132.
Septimus, S., James, D.G., 1975. The Anatomy of thedomestic animals. 5th Edition. vol.1 Pp 21-22. Pub. philadelphia: Saunder’s company, Pp 564-579.
Shehu, S.A., Ojo, S.A., Hambolu, J.O., Ibrahim, N.D.G., Hena, S.A., 2012. External features (Developmental Horizons) in developing camel foetus as a guide to Age estimation. J. Vet. Adv., 2(4), 178-183.
Skidmore, J.A., 2005. Reproduction in dromedary camels: An update. Anim. Reprod., (2)3, 161-171.
Smuts, M.M.S., Bezuidenhout, A.J., 1987. Anatomy of the Dromedary Oxford Clarendon Press, 133-134.
Sonfada, M.L., 2008. Age related changes in musculoskeletal Tissues of one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) from foetal period to two years old. A Ph.D Thesis, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.
Sonfada, M.L., Kwari, H.D., Umar, A.A., Shehu, A.A., Wiam, I.M., Hena, S.A., Danmaigoro, A., Onyeanusi, B.I., 2012. Fetal Age Estimation in Dromedarian Camel Using Developmental Horizons. In: The proceedings of the Proceedings of the 3rd Conference of the International Society of Camelid Research and Development, Pp115-117.
Sperber, I., 1944. Studies on the mammalian kidney. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 22, 249-432.
Tayeb, M.A.F., 1948. Urinary system of the camel. J. Ameri. Vet. Med. Assoc., 113, 568 -572.
Tisher, C.C., 1971. Relationship between renal structure and concentrating ability in the rhesus monkey. Ameri. J. Phy., 220, 1100-1106.
Tisher, C.C., Scchrier, R.W., McNeil, J.S., 1972. Nature of urine concentrating mechanism in the macaque monkey. Ameri. J. Phy., 223, 1128-1137.
Vimtrup, B.J., Schmdt-Nielsen, B., 1952. The histology of the kidney of the Kangaroo rats. Anatom. Rec., 114, 515-528.
Weibel, E.R., Gomez, D.M., 1962. A principle for counting tissue structures on random sections. J. Appl. Phy., 17, 343-348.
Weibel, E.R., 1963 a. Principles and methods for the morphometric study of the lung and other organs. Lab. Invest., 12, 131-155.
Weiber, E.R., 1963b. Morphometry of the Human Lung. Berlin: Springer Verlag.
Wirz, H., 1954. The production of hypertonic urine by the mammalian kidney. In The Kidney, Ciba Foundation Symposium, pp. 38-49. Boston: Little, Brown and Co.
Wirz. H., Dirix, R., 1973. Urinary concentration and dilution. In Handbook of Physiology, (section 8th ed. J. Orloff, R. W. Berliner & S. R. Geiger). Washington D.C.: American Physiological Society.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2013 A. Bello, U. F. Lawal, M. L. Sonfada, M. A. Umaru, J. E. Onu, S. A. Shehu, A. A. Umar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
