Evaluation of management system, egg quality traits and farmers’ perception on exotic and indigenous chickens: The case of Buno Bedele zone, south west Ethiopia
Keywords:
Buno Bedele, Egg quality traits, Farmers’ perception, Indigenous and exotic chickenAbstract
It is skeptical to plan and design chicken improvement strategy without considering chicken egg quality traits and farmers’ perception on exotic and indigenous chickens. In the present study, management system, egg quality traits and farmers’ perception on exotic and indigenous chickens were evaluated in selected districts of Buno Bedele zone, south west Ethiopia. A total of 180 randomly selected chicken owners were included in the study from nine purposively selected Peasant Associations (PAs) from the districts. And a total of 180 fresh eggs were purchased from sampled farmers on contractual bases for analyzing egg quality. SPSS software version 20 and SAS 1999 were used to analysis all the collected data. As the result of this study indicated farmers in the study areas were reared chicken with low management aspects. Based on the result, majority (73.9%) of the respondents favored to buy eggs of local chickens as they were considered to be tasty and the yellow colored yolk was commonly favored. The large egg size, brown-shelled eggs and yellow colour were the preferred egg quality traits by 48.3%, 52.8% and 81.7% of respondents, respectively. The mean external egg quality such as egg weight (g), egg length (mm), egg width (mm), shell thickness (mm) and shape index (%) of the local and exotic chicken were found to be 45.20±5.53 and 57.80±7.22, 49.6±3.8 and 54.8±1.7, 29.3±4.1and 41.0±1.5, 0.32±0.03 and 0.19±0.06 and 69.8 and 74.75, respectively. The other most important internal egg quality of (local and exotic) chickens considered in this study were yolk height (mm), albumen height (mm), albumen weight (g), Haugh unit (%) and yolk color; which were found to be (11.06 and 17.84), (2.87 and 6.92), (22.60 and 34.54), (52.5 and 71.25) and (10.33and 9.85), respectively. The eggs collected from the local chicken were found to have optimum shell thickness (0.32±0.03mm) and Haugh unit (52.5%). This might be attributed due to the high xanthophyll, which is responsible for deep yellow color of eggs; phosphorous and calcium contents of scavenging feed resources available in the study areas. In conclusion, egg quality of exotic chickens in the study areas performed impartially well, but it needs further comparative study.
References
Abanikannda, O.T.F., Olutogun, O., Leigh, A.O., Ajayi, L.A., 2007. Statistical modelling of egg weight and egg dimension in commercial layers. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 6(1), 59-63.
Aberra, M., 2014. Significance of scavenging chicken production in the rural community of Africa for enhanced food security. World. Poult. Sci. J., 70, 593-606.
Aberra, M., Zemen, W., Yosef, T.G., 2012. Assessment of the prevailing handling and quality of eggs from scavenging indigenous chickens reared in different agro-ecological zone of Ethiopia. Res. J. Poult. Sci., 5(4-6), 64-70.
Alemu, Y., Tadelle, D., 1997. The status of poultry research and development in Ethiopia. Research bulletin No.4, poultry commodity research program Debrezeit Agricultural research center. Alemaya University of Agriculture, Ethiopia. 62p.
Alewi, M., Melesse, A., Teklegiorgis, Y., 2012. Crossbreeding effect on egg quality traits of local chickens and their F1 crosses with Rhode Island Red and Fayoumi chicken breeds under farmers’ management conditions. J. Anim. Sci. Adv., 2(8), 697-705.
Amanuel, B.H., 2018. Assessment of chicken production under farmers management condition in Gimbi district, west Wollega zone, Ethiopia. Innovat. Tech. Agr., 3(1), 550-557.
Arsham, H., 2002. Descriptive sampling data analysis. Statistical Thinking for Managerial Decision Making.
Asefa, T., 2007. Poultry management practices and on farm performance evaluation of Rhode Island Red (RIR), Fayoumi and local chicken in Umbullo Wachu watershed. M.Sc. Thesis presented to the school of graduate studies of Hawassa University, Awassa, Ethiopia.
Aygun, A., Yetisir, R., 2010. The relationships among egg quality characteristic in different hybrid layers to forced molting programs with and without feed withdrawal. J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 9(4), 710-715.
Bufano, S., 2000. Keeping eggs safe from farm to table. Food Tech., 54, 192.
Chukwuka, O.K., Okoli, I.C., Okeudo, N.J., Udedibie, A.B.I., Ogbuewu, I.P., Aladi, N.O., Iheshiulor, O.O.M., Omede, A.A., 2011. Egg quality defects in poultry management and food safety. Asian J. Agr. Res., 5, 1-16.
CSA, 2016/17. Central Statistics Agency of Ethiopia. http://www.csa.gov.et
Desalew, T., Wondemeneh, E., Mekonnen, G., Tadelle, D., 2015. Comparative study on some egg quality traits of exotic chicken in different production system in East Shewa, Ethiopia. Afr. J. Agr. Res., 10(9), 1016-1021.
Dessalew, T., 2012. Management practices, productive performances and egg quality traits of exotic chickens under village production system. Msc. Thesis, Addis Ababa University College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Bishoftu, in East Shewa, Ethiopia. 1-2.3.
FAO, 2010. Chicken genetic resources used in smallholder production systems and opportunities for their development. FAO Smallholder Poultry Production Paper, Rome, Italy, 5.2p.
Fisseha, M., Aberra, M., Tadelle, D., 2010. Assessment of village chicken production system and evaluation of the productive and reproductive performances of local chicken ecotype in Bure district, North West Ethiopia. Afr. J. Agr. Resour., 5(13), 1739-1748.
Flock, D.K., Schmutz, M., Preisinger, R., 2007. Optimierung der Eiqualität aus züchterischer Sicht. Züchtungskunde, 79, 309-319.2
Fulas, H., Yohannis, H., Yobsan, T., Abirham, K., 2018. Review on challenges and opportunities of poultry breeds. Dairy Vet. Sci. J., 7(2), 555706.
Gezahegn, T., Ashenafi, M., Berhan, T., 2016. Evaluation of the egg production performance in Bovans Brown and Koekoek chicken breeds under varied seasons and feeding regimes in South Wollo zone, Ethiopia. Glob. Vet., 17(4), 318-324.
Goddard, E., Boxall, P., Emunu, J.P., Boyd, C., Asselin, A., Neall, A., 2007. Consumer attitudes, willingness to pay and revealed preferences for different egg production attributes: analysis of Canadian egg consumers. Rural Econ. Univ., Alberta, 252-253.
Halima, H., 2007. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of indigenous chicken populations in northwest Ethiopia. PhD Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Haugh, R., 1937. The haugh unit of measuring egg quality. U.S. Egg Poultry Magazine, 43, 552-555.
Hoyle, E., 1992. Small-scale poultry keeping in Welaita, North Omo region. Technical Pamphlet No. 3 Farmers Research Project (FRP). Farm Africa Addis Ababa.
Isidahomen, C.E., Njidda, A.A., Adeniji, A.A., 2014. The effects of genotype on internal and external egg quality traits, egg proximate composition and lipid profile characteristics of three strains of layer turkeys. Int. J. Agr. Biosci., 3(2), 65-69.
Kul, S., Seker, I., 2004. Phenotypic correlations between some external and internal egg quality traits in the Japanese quail (Cortunix cortunix japonica). Int. J. Poult. Sci., 3(6), 400-405.
Markos, S., Belay, B., Astatkie, T., 2017. Evaluation of egg quality trait of three indigenous chicken ecotype kept under farmers’ management conditions. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 16, 180-188.
Matt, D., Veromann, E., Luik, A., 2009. Effect of housing systems on biochemical composition of chicken eggs. J. Agron. Res., 7, 662-667.
Mekonnen, G., 2007. Characterization of smallholder poultry production and marketing system of Dale, Wonsho and Loka Abaya Weredas of southern Ethiopia. Msc. Thesis presented to the School of Graduate Studies of Hawassa University.
Meseret, M., 2010. Characterization of village chicken production and marketing system in Gomma Wereda, Jimma zone, Ethiopia. An MSc. Thesis presented to School of Graduate Studies of Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia 110p.
Meskerem, A., Amanuel, B., Tekalign, T., 2019. Characterization of village chicken production and husbandry practices in Dedo district, Jimma zone, South West Ethiopia. Int. J. Vet. Sci. Agr. Res., 1(1), 29-37.
Ndofor-Foleng, H.M., Vivian, O.O., Musongong, G.A., Ohageni, J., Duru, U.E., 2015. Evaluation of growth and reproductive traits of Nigerian local chicken and exotic chicken. Indian J. Anim. Resour., 49(2), 155-160.
Parmar, S.N.S., Thakur, M.S., Tomar, S.S., Pillai, P.V.A., 2006. Evaluation of egg quality traits in indigenous Kadaknath breed of poultry. Livest. Res. Rural Dev., 18(9).
Ronald, R.W., 2000. Eggs and health promotion. Academic Press, Iowa. 202.
SAS Institute, 1999. Statistical Analytical Systems SAS / STAT. User’s guide version 9 Cary NC SAS Institute Inc.
Schwaegele, F., 2003. Egg quality assurance system under aspect of the EU requirements and demand of the consumer. IX European Symposium on the Quality of Eggs and Egg Products, Kusadasi, Turkey, Proc., 435443.
Senbeta, E., Zeleke, N., Molla, Y., 2015. Attitudes and perceptions of consumers to chicken egg attributes in Eastern Ethiopia. J. Anim. Pro. Adv., 5(6), 705-710.
Serkalem, A., Aberra, M., Sandip, B., 2019. Egg production and egg quality traits of local and exotic chicken breeds reared in two Agroecologies under traditional management system. Res. J. Food Nutr., 3(1), 11-17.
Sonaiya, E., Swan, S., 2004. Small-scale poultry production. Technical guide, Manual, FAO, Rome, Italy.
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Inc., 2007. SPSS for Windows, Version 20.0, Chicago, SPSS Inc.
Takele, T., Oli, W., 2012. Village chickens management in Wolaita zone of southern Ethiopia. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 45(2), 22-41.4.
Teklemariam, A., 2017. Perception of farmers on exotic chicken breeds and its management condition in north western zone Tigray, Ethiopia. World Scientific News, 86(3), 168-179.
Yonas, K., Sandip, B., Mestawet, T., 2019. Some internal and external egg quality characteristics of local and exotic chickens reared in Yirgalem and Hawassa towns, Ethiopia. Int. J. Livest. Prod., 10(5), 135-142.
ZAO, 2018. Annual progress report. Buno Bedele Zonal Agricultural Office, Bedele, Ethiopia.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Amanuel Bekuma, Meskerem Asefa, Girma Tassew
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
